• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Methods of and apparatus for mining, transporting, cleaning, treating, and otherwise processing coal and other solids and for recovering liquid media used in such methods and apparatus. In the method, the coal is beneficiated to separate it from foreign matter mixed therewith by introducing the coal into a body of a parting liquid which is or contains a halogenated hydrocarbon and has a specific gravity intermediate that of the coal and foreign material so that the coal will rise toward the top of the body of liquid and the foreign material will sink toward the bottom thereof. Any halogenated hydrocarbon present in the parting liquid in the beneficiation step is 1,2-difluoroethane or a fluorochloro derivative of methane or ethane selected from the group consisting of 1-chloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane, 1,1-dichloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane, dichlorofluoromethane, 1-chloro-2-fluoroethane, 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane, 1,1dichloro-1,2,2,2-tetrafluroethane, and trichlorofluoromethane. The apparatus comprises a separator in which coal and foreign material can be separated by a parting liquid, conveyors in which parting liquid can drain from coal and foreign material discharged from said separator, dryers for separating additional parting liquid from the clean coal and the foreign material in the gaseous state, and a system for recovering the vaporized parting liquid and converting it to liquid form.
    公开号:SU1075966A3
    申请号:SU762339500
    申请日:1976-03-23
    公开日:1984-02-23
    发明作者:Д.Смит Клэй；В.Келлер Дуглас (Младший)
    申请人:Отиска Индастриз,Лтд (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to the transport of bulk materials, and in particular to a method for transporting solid particles, and can be used in transporting coal and other solid particles in mining machines of a hydraulic type. A known method of transporting solid particles involves mixing the particles with a liquid carrier, moving the formed pulp-and separating the carrier in the final stage of transportation ij. However, separation of the carrier in the final stage is only possible mechanically, for which additional electric power is required. The purpose of the invention is to reduce energy consumption. The goal is achieved in that according to the method of transportation of solid particles, compounds from the group of fluorocarbons with a boiling point of 3.853.2 ° C are used as a liquid carrier. . . Due to the physical characteristics of the carrier fluids used, the coal particles in the fluids in question do not show a tendency to stick together and compact to the same degree as when using water. Consequently, even after staying in a static state for a long time in the suspension obtained according to the invention, the flow can be resumed almost instantly. In addition, the coal transportation process is essentially independent of the ambient temperature. It can be used in arctic, tropical and any other conditions. Compounds that are considered acceptable for the implementation of the method, due to a combination of their boiling points and other physical characteristics (low viscosity, low surface tension, e and successful specific gravity), as well as their chemical inertness with respect to coal and other substances. These materials under the process conditions are as follows: 1,2-difluoroethane 1-HLOR-2,2, 2-trifluoroethane, - 1-dichloro 2, 2,2-trifluoroethane; dichlorofluoromethane / 1-chloro-2-fluoroethane; 1,1,2-trichlor1, 2,2-trifluoroethane; 1,1-dichloro-1,2,2 2-tetrafluoroethane; trichlorofluoromethane. The above compounds, excluding the last three, are too durable for the practical implementation of the invention from an economic point of view. Of the last three compounds, trichlorofluoromethane is preferred, due to its optimal physical properties, chemical inertness and low cost. In addition, this compound has an almost perfect boiling point and an extremely low latent heat of evaporation of 48 kcal / kg, compared to 252 kcal / kg for water. Consequently, the compound can be extracted from a solid substance, with which it turned out to be associated only with a small loss of energy. Example. The coal slurry was pumped to the primary treatment unit, located in the mine or in the mine. Here, primary gravitational separation was carried out, foreign rock and raw coal were separated during the input, intended to clean the coal into the mass of separation fluid having a specific gravity intermediate to the coal and foreign rock. Fluorochlorocarbons or 1,2-difluoroethane were used as a separate fluid. Ore rock extracted from coal was further subjected to separation of the separation fluid. The floating mass from the initial stage of separation as a suspension in the separation liquid was pumped to a final processing unit located outside the mine on the surface of the earth. Here, the coal, ground to a size that ensures the release of the maximum amount of foreign rock, was subjected to secondary gravity separation, also using 1,2-difluoroethane or fluorochlorocarbon separation fluids. The proposed method is carried out in a system that is used to process and transport raw coal and other solid matter. 1 is a diagram of a system for carrying out the proposed method; in fig. 2 - block diagram of the final cleaning. In the system, coal is removed from the mine slab 1 by means of a cutting-in or auger 2, for example, using the Badger Badger Cole Badger system or the Salem Tool Company’s MO M VL-1 system. From the iron machine, coal and waste rock are fed to a shredder 3, where the selected coal is crushed to pieces in the range of about 4 cm, and then fed to a slurry pump 4, where it is mixed with one of the fluorofluorocarbons described above. The iron machine (Fig. 1), the chopper and the slurry pump can be installed on a single chassis 5. The fluid content in the described and other suspensions, obtained in accordance with the principles of the invention, varies depending on the particular application. This phase, however, is from 40 to 99% by weight, based on the total weight of the suspension. The suspension pump 4 transfers the mixture of coal and fluorochlorocarbons to the primary purification unit 6, which is located preferably in the mine, where gravitational separation of the fumes and foreign material is carried out using fluorochlorocarbons as the separating liquid. The floating mass obtained in the primary cleaning unit (coal, foreign material not separated from the primary cleaning stage) and the liquid separator from this unit form a suspension, which is pumped by the suspension pump 7 to the final cleaning unit 8 located on the surface. The initial node 9 of the final cleaning unit 8 (FIG. 2) usually includes a second grinder for its length. grinding the solids in suspension to a particle size specified by the consumer, or to a size that provides for the extraction of additional quantities of pyrite and / or foreign rock. Node 9 in the general case includes a finishing tank in its composition so that additives and a separating fluid can be added to the suspension, the temperature of the coal, etc., is adjusted. From this unit 9, the suspension is transferred, for example, by means of a screw conveyor 10 to the gravity separator 11. The sludge from the gravity separator is transferred to the dryer 12, where the separating liquid carrier is separated by supplying heat to the suspension for evaporation of the liquid and by blowing. solids for the recovery of fluorochlorocarbons from or. solids. In addition, sludge may first be drip dried to reduce the energy consumption of removing fluorochlorogens during evaporation. Dried outburst, initially coated with special formulations to suppress oxidation and release acidic groundwater, is transported to a pile of waste rock or to another dump zone. The evaporated separator for the liquid removed from the drying, together with the liquid from the node 9 and the gravity separator 11, is fed to the compressor 13. The compressor 1 pumps the pairs to the node 14, usually made in the form of a condenser and a purge node, as described above Unsubstituted substance is separated from the vapor the separating fluid in unit 14. These gases can be recycled and used as a separate gas in the dryer at 12 degrees. They can be first processed by passing through an absorber or other conventional means. of. 15 to isolate and recover commercially valuable products, such as methane, withdrawn from the bottom. The condensed separation fluid is circulated through pipelines 16-18 to slurry pump 4 and bottom 1. The latter liquid, as such or with some additives, is sprayed onto the surface of the produced formation, for example, with the help of nozzles 19. This provides suppression of dust formation in the bottom, which reduces explosion hazard. The fluid also reduces the wear of the cutting tool and the power consumed by the cutting machine 2. In a typical case, clean coal from the gravity separator 11 is pumped in suspension with separating liquid to the storage tank 20 using a suspension unit 21. The suspension is usually stored at a temperature and pressure the environment. As required, the suspension is withdrawn from the storage tank 20 and transferred to a final preparation unit. This unit includes a floating mass dryer and a separating fluid extraction unit, similar to that described for extracting a fluorochlorocarbon carrier fluid used to recirculate non-condensable gases into the dryer and / or extract some gases. In addition, the final preparation unit may include one or more devices for further processing of coal. For example, in this block, calcined lime or calcined dolomite can be mixed with coal to reduce the sulfur content in the combustion products, the resulting coal burning. The amount of added burnt lime or dolomite depends on a number of factors (the sulfur content of the coal, the conditions under which it is burnt, etc.). The coal is transferred from the final preparation unit 21 to a boiler 22, usually equipped with precipitators 23, to remove the gases captured by the ash produced by burning coal. The ash obtained in the boiler 22. And in the precipitator 23, respectively, is cooled in blocks 24 and 25 with a decrease in temperature to 30 ° C. The liquid recovered in block 21 is recirculated to the discharge device of the cooling units by pump 26 and mixed with the ash to form a slurry. This slurry is pumped to the sludge (ash) dryers and the purge unit 14 of the final purification unit 8 via the pipeline system 27.
    The use of the proposed transportation method in comparison with the known method allows, by eliminating devices that provide mechanical separation of the transported particles from the carrier, to reduce the cost of electricity, which is necessary to operate these devices.
    fig 2
    / sixteen
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    权利要求:
    Claims (1)
    [1]
    METHOD FOR TRANSPORTING SOLID PARTICLES, mainly coal, including mixing particles with a liquid carrier, moving the formed pulp, and separating the carrier at the final stage of transportation, characterized in that, in order to reduce energy consumption, compounds from the group of fluorocarbons with boiling point 3 are used as a liquid carrier , 8-53.2 ° C.
    SU ) And 1075966 of FIG. 1
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    US4173530A|1979-11-06|Methods of and apparatus for cleaning coal
    US4787323A|1988-11-29|Treating sludges and soil materials contaminated with hydrocarbons
    US4265737A|1981-05-05|Methods and apparatus for transporting and processing solids
    CN100488647C|2009-05-20|Thermal process for treating hydrocarbon-contaminated drilling cuttings
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    CA1297292C|1992-03-17|Apparatus and method for drying low rank coals
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    US5078593A|1992-01-07|Method for recovery of energy values of oily refinery sludges
    US4324560A|1982-04-13|Pyrite removal from coal
    US4146366A|1979-03-27|Method of removing gangue materials from coal
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    US4249699A|1981-02-10|Coal recovery processes utilizing agglomeration and density differential separations
    US4224039A|1980-09-23|Coal briquetting methods
    US2109234A|1938-02-22|Centrifugal ash separation
    US4252639A|1981-02-24|Coal beneficiation processes
    SU1075966A3|1984-02-23|Method for conveying solid particles
    US4331532A|1982-05-25|Method for recovering bitumen from tar sand
    US4212112A|1980-07-15|Method for drying solid carbonaceous materials
    US1984386A|1934-12-18|Process of separating composite materials
    US4461625A|1984-07-24|Methods of cleaning coal
    US4178231A|1979-12-11|Method and apparatus for coal separation using fluorinated hydrocarbons
    US8440946B2|2013-05-14|System using a jet mill in combination with a microwave system to economically prepare clean coal for use in power generation
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    DE2612441A1|1976-10-14|
    CA1051827A|1979-04-03|
    BR7601715A|1976-09-21|
    AU1209176A|1977-04-07|
    AU1209076A|1977-09-22|
    DE2612441C2|1984-06-07|
    GB1544716A|1979-04-25|
    IN145325B|1978-09-23|
    DE2612400A1|1976-10-07|
    BR7601716A|1976-09-21|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US2109234A|1935-07-15|1938-02-22|Walter M Keenan|Centrifugal ash separation|
    US2151578A|1937-08-27|1939-03-21|Du Pont|Method of and apparatus for isolating minerals|US4186887A|1978-08-15|1980-02-05|Otisca Industries, Ltd.|Processes for recovering coal|
    CA1198704A|1981-03-24|1985-12-31|Douglas V. Keller, Jr.|Agglomeration type coal recovery processes|
    IT1139273B|1981-10-22|1986-09-24|Prominco Srl|PROCEDURE FOR DYNAMIC SEPARATION BY MEANS OF MIXTURES OF MATERIALS, SUCH AS MINERALS FOR EXAMPLE, WITH DIFFERENT SPECIFIC WEIGHT, AND PLANT TO IMPLEMENT IT|
    DE4234314A1|1992-10-12|1994-04-14|Georg Heinrich Dipl Che Grosch|Heavy fluid for densimetric sepn. - is a mixt. of pure liquids with structural densities for sepn. of minerals|
    US6607752B2|2000-07-27|2003-08-19|Rohm And Haas Company|Method for the anhydrous loading of nicotine onto ion exchange resins|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US05/561,168|US4173530A|1974-01-14|1975-03-24|Methods of and apparatus for cleaning coal|
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